When a fire breaks out, every second counts — and knowing how to react can make all the difference. One of the most effective tools in a fire emergency is a fire extinguisher. But did you know there are different types of fire extinguishers for different types of fires?
At NEFSA Fire Academy, we believe that awareness is the first step toward safety. In this blog, we break down the five main types of fire extinguishers, what they’re used for, and why using the correct one is critical.
Why Fire Extinguisher Knowledge Matters
Not all fires are the same. Fires can be caused by electrical faults, flammable liquids, combustible materials, or even kitchen grease. Using the wrong extinguisher can worsen the fire or cause injury. That’s why it’s essential to understand which extinguisher is right for each situation.
The 5 Main Types of Fire Extinguishers
1. Water Fire Extinguisher (Class A Fires)
Best For: Paper, wood, fabric, and other solid combustibles.
Do Not Use On: Electrical or flammable liquid fires.
How It Works: Cools the burning material and lowers the fire’s temperature.
2. Foam Fire Extinguisher (Class A & B Fires)
Best For: Flammable liquids like petrol, diesel, and oil — also effective on solid fires.
How It Works: Forms a blanket over flammable liquids, cutting off oxygen supply.
3. CO₂ (Carbon Dioxide) Fire Extinguisher (Class B & Electrical Fires)
Best For: Electrical equipment and flammable liquid fires.
Do Not Use On: Kitchen fires or solid combustibles.
How It Works: Displaces oxygen and cools the fire, leaving no residue.
4. Dry Powder Fire Extinguisher (Class A, B, C Fires)
Best For: Combustible solids, flammable gases, and liquids.
Versatile but Caution Advised: Can be used on electrical fires, but may reduce visibility and cause breathing irritation.
How It Works: Interrupts the chemical reaction of the fire.
5. Wet Chemical Fire Extinguisher (Class F Fires)
Best For: Cooking oils and fats — especially in commercial kitchens.
Do Not Use On: Electrical or flammable gas fires.
How It Works: Cools and reacts with oil to form a soap-like layer that seals the surface and prevents re-ignition.
Safety Tip from NEFSA:
Always check the fire extinguisher label before using it. If you are unsure or the fire is spreading quickly, evacuate immediately and call emergency services.
NEFSA’s Mission: Empower Through Fire Safety Education
At NEFSA Fire Academy, we are committed to spreading fire safety awareness across Northeast India. By understanding how to use the right extinguisher, individuals can respond more effectively in emergencies, helping to save lives and protect property.
Whether you’re in a workplace, school, or home — knowing your extinguisher types is a small step with a big impact.
Final Thoughts
Understanding the five main types of fire extinguishers isn’t just for firefighters — it’s for everyone. With this knowledge, you can be better prepared to act swiftly, smartly, and safely.
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